A bruise forms when a blow breaks blood vessels near your skin's surface, allowing a small (or large) amount of blood to leak into the tissues under your skin. The trapped blood causes a bruise that at first looks like a black-and-blue mark and then changes color as it heals. Blood, while necessary to keep on living, is treated as a foreign substance once it leaks into the damaged tissue. There are a few things we can do to help reduce the severity of the bruise and increases the rate it heals.
- Elevate the injured area. This reduces the blood flow to the damaged area, the less blood going to the area, then the less there is to leak into the tissue.
- Apply an ice pack wrapped in a towel or a cloth dampened with cold water. Do this for about 10 minutes. Repeat several times a day for a day or two after the injury as needed. Again this will reduce blood flow, the cold constricts the blood vessels.
- Rest the bruised area, if possible.
- Consider acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) for pain relief, or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) for pain relief and to reduce swelling.
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